Representation is how media texts deal and present with age, gender, national, ethnicity, etc. For example: a media text set in Scotland would have landscapes with ruined castles, misty mountains and haunting music to accompany it.
Construction is the way a media text is put together. This includes editing and camera angles. In the fifth installment of the Harry Potter movies, at the beginning of the film, there is a scene where a dementor attacks Harry and a muggle. In this image from the scene, Harry is pointing his wand upwards at the dementor approaching him where the camera angle is placed higher up which shows something powerful is approaching Harry.
Mediation is what everything goes through before it is shown to the audience. These can be how film scripts are edited and how things are represented in news articles.
Selection is what has been chosen to be included in a media text. Within advertising, this is important. The following factors have to be considered:
1) The financial allocation for advertising.
2) The nature of the product and the demand for it.
3) The type of the prospects, their location and other characteristics.
Anchorage is the words that go along with the text to create meaning. Sometimes using another piece of media to help the audience interprit it more easily, A caption followed by an image allows us to understand what is being explained. This is commonly seen in front page newspaper articles.
In the above example, Jeremy Corbin is in a trash can and the caption says: “Don’t chuck Britain in the Cor-bin” this indicates that if Corbin was prime minister, he would ruin Britain.
Ideology can be the ideas and beliefs of the media producers. There can be dominant ideologys such as capitalism which is the production of capital and consumption or surplus value as a life goal. Patriotism which is to love, support, and protect ones country and its people. Marrige and family which is the “right way” to live is to marry an opposite sex partner and have children.
Stereotypes are the common representation of something and can describe things quickly. But these can be dangerous as people can generalise about things and cause offence to people. as an example of stereotypes in media: